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Chemistry - Bonding

 Question:

The number of nonbonding (lone) pairs in a water molecule is __________.


Options:

a. one

b. two

c. three

d. four



Explanation:



In a water molecule, even though it has 2 bonding pairs (2 Hydrogen atoms attached to Oxygen atom), it does not have a linear geometry. The geometry of water is known as bent. It has a bent geometry due to the 2 lone pairs present in the Oxygen atom (central atom) that results in a repulsion to form a bent geometry. Again, the water molecule has 2 nonbonding (lone) pairs in the Oxygen atom (central atom).


Lone pairs:

A nonbonding(lone) pair is a pair of valence electrons that are not involved in any kind of bonding to any different atoms. Basically, it is an excess valence electrons that are usually represented by two dots in the central atom. The lone pair has a nucleophilic property and can undergo bond formation if there is an electrophilic compound present. The lone pair in the central atom can cause a change or shift in the orientation since it is an electron-rich region (high electric charge) that results in repulsion.


The answer to the problem is b

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